Biology class - 9th Fundamental unit of life cell Part -6

             📚Biology 📚

                    Class - 9th📝

            Chapter - 1📝

  Fundamental Unit Of Life

          👉  Part - 6 🏝️

        ExamDeepLearning


     # GOLGI APPARATUS


  • The Golgi apparatus was first described by Camillo Golgi.


  • It consists of a set of membrane bound, fluid filled vesicles, tubules and flattened cisternae, which are arranged in parallel to each other in stacks.


  • These membranes often have connections with the membranes of Endoplasmic reticulum.


  • It is found in all eukaryotic cells except in mature mammalian RBC.


  • In plant cells, golgi apparatus is simpler and present as a single unit called dictyosomes.




          

                

                                                            Golgi apparatus


      # Functions of Golgi apparatus :


  1. Its functions involved storage, modification and packing of the products in vesicles from endoplasmic reticulum.


  1. It is also involved in the formation of lysosomes, cell walls and plasma membranes.


      # Lysosomes :


  • Lysosomes were discovered by Christian de Duve.


  • They are simple, tiny, spherical, single membrane bound sacs filled with digestive enzymes (called lysosomes) for intracellular digestion and waste disposal.


  • These enzymes (hydrolytic enzymes) are capable of digestion or breaking down most of the organic materials.


  • Lysosomal enzymes are made by Rough endoplasmic reticulum.


  • They are found in all animal cells except mammalian RBC.


      #  Functions of Lysosomes :


  1.  Lysosomes help in disposal of wastes from the cell.


  1. They help in keeping the cell clean by digestion foreign materials as well as worn-out cell organelles.


  1. They are also known as cellular scavengers or demolition squads.


  1. Pathogens which enter the cell such as bacteria and viruses are also destroyed by the lysosomes.


  1. During the disturbance in cellular metabolism, like when a cell gets damaged, lysosomes may burst and release hydrolytic enzymes to digest their own cellular contents.


  1. Because of their ability to kill and digest their own cellular components, lysosomes are also called suicidal bag of the cell.








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